Lean and Continuous Improvement identify eight forms of waste, known by the acronym DOWNTIME: Defects, Overproduction, Waiting, Neglect of talent, Transportation, Inventory, Motion, and Excess Processing. These wastes appear across industries—from aerospace to construction—and create hidden costs, risks, and inefficiencies. By recognizing and addressing them with the right tools and mindset, organizations can boost efficiency, resilience, and long-term growth.